respondent identification number
parliament identification number
country
multi-level systems of governance
member of a regional parliament
name of the Parliamentary Party Group
governing party
name of the party
the level on which the Member was elected
name of the constituency in which the Member was elected
language of the questionnaire the Member filled out
method of responding
sex
year of birth
highest level of education
last occupation prior to first entry into Parliament
year of first election
previous parliamentary experience at the regional level
previous parliamentary experience at the national level
MP held local elected office prior to first entry into Parliament
simultaneous membership of the regional parliament
simultaneous local elected office holding
speaker of the Parliament
leader of the Parliamentary Party Group
mayor
chair of a permanent committee
any other position (see codebook for country specifics)
the number of bills that the MP is a signatory of
another measure of the degree of activity in Parliament (see codebook for country specifics)
district magnitude of the constituency
district magnitude: theoretical maximum (Austria)
district magnitude: current seat allocation (Austria)
level of candidacy in mixed-member systems
name of the district in which dual candidates elected in the higher tiers of a mixed-member system stood for election
year the term started
year the term ends
satisfaction in scrutinising the government
satisfaction in representing the views and interests of the voters
satisfaction in doing legislative work
members frequently question another member's sincerity and integrity in public
in private, it is not uncommon for women's competence to be questioned
members are mostly preoccupied with local issues
the parliamentary party spokesperson gets to determine the party's position on his/her topics
members frequently contact the media on a topic for which another member of that party is the party's spokesperson
confidential party discussions usually find their way to the media
members frequently take parliamentary initiatives without the parliamentary party's authorization
your most important task as a Member of Parliament
your second most important task as a Member of Parliament
specialist - generalist
How often have you found yourself in the position that your party had one opinion on a vote in Parliament, and you personally had a different opinion?
How should a Member of Parliament vote if his/her own opinion on an issue does not correspond with the opinion of his/her party?
How should a Member of Parliament vote if his/her own opinion on an issue does not correspond with the opinion of his/her voters?
How should a Member of Parliament vote if his/her voters have one opinion and his/her party takes a different position?
How should a Member of Parliament vote if his/her regional party has one opinion and his/her national party takes a different position?
the state no longer possesses the capacity to solve society's most pressing needs
journalists' ways of covering politics mainly focus on soundbites and conflictual issues
too many citizens fail to see that their own interest is only one of many diverging interests in society
most citizens have no clear policy preferences
political parties are not offering really different options to the people
parties make too many promises on which they cannot deliver
most politicians are out of touch with people's concerns
politicians let their own position on political issues be determined by the campaign advisers and the polls
politicians are more concerned with the clash of persons than with the confrontation of ideas
special interests have too much influence on public policies
desirability of increasing the number of referendums
desirability of creating more opportunities for citizens to set the political agenda
desirability of having the selection of candidates decided on the basis of primaries in which all party members can take part
desirability of delegating more decision-making to experts and independent agencies
desirability of involving interest groups in society more often in decision-making
desirability of increasing the number of deliberative events, where groups of regular citizens debate and decide on a particular issue
importance of promoting the views and interests of all the people who voted for you
importance of promoting the views and interests of all the people who voted for your party
importance of promoting the views and interests of all the people in your constituency
importance of promoting the views and interests of your party
importance of promoting the views and interests of a specific group in society
importance of promoting the views and interests of all people in your region
importance of promoting the views and interests of all people in the country
importance of promoting the views and interests of young people
importance of promoting the views and interests of the elderly
importance of promoting the views and interests of employees
importance of promoting the views and interests of employers and self-employed
importance of promoting the views and interests of women
importance of promoting the views and interests of farmers and fishermen
importance of promoting the views and interests of ethnic minorities
importance of promoting the views and interests of a church or religious group
other
If other, which one ?
see codebook for country specifics
frequency of attending (or sending out letters on the occasion of) weddings, wedding anniversaries, and funerals in your local area
frequency of meeting with (small parties of) constituents in their private home to talk about their wants and needs
frequency of giving lectures and speaking at debate nights
frequency of sending out a personal newsletter and direct mailing
frequency of holding surgeries
frequency of advertising your constituency work services (e.g. in newspaper ads or by visiting neighbourhoods)
frequency of publicizing your successes in attracting business and obtaining government grants for the local area
frequency of meeting local businesses and action groups
frequency of featuring in the local media
If other, please specify.
In a typical month, how many working hours (incl. at public events and meetings) would you say you spend in your constituency?
Roughly what proportion of this time is taken up by attending local community functions and social events in the constituency?
How many requests for help in dealing with public authorities do you receive in an average week?
How many inquiries from individual citizens relating primarily to policy matters do you receive per week?
How many hours per week would you say you, personally, spend dealing with these requests for help in dealing with public authorities?
I/my party would lose a significant number of votes as a result of reducing casework efforts
I could well face a serious challenge in the candidate selection process as a result of reducing casework efforts
I would lose touch with the problems voters face in their daily lives as a result of reducing casework efforts
dilemma 1: personal vs. party campaign
dilemma 2: vote-seeking within vs. beyond the party's core electorate
dilemma 3: protectionist vs. expansionist vote-seeking strategy
dilemma 4: leader vs. one of them
dilemma 5: regional/national party's support vs. local party's support
frequency of contact with youth organizations
frequency of contact with organizations for the elderly
frequency of contact with workers' organizations and trade unions
frequency of contact with employers' organizations
frequency of contact with women's organizations
frequency of contact with farmers' organizations
frequency of contact with organizations of ethnic minorities
frequency of contact with churches or religious organizations
frequency of contact with environmental organizations
frequency of contact with journalists
Good contacts with MPs of party 1
Good contacts with MPs of party 2
Good contacts with MPs of party 3
fraktion ( einige abgeordnete haben sehr gute kontakte mit mitgliedern des bunde
I don't have very good contacts with MPs of other parties
No, contacts have a purely private nature (party 1)
No, contacts have a purely private nature (party 2)
No, contacts have a purely private nature (party 3)
No, contacts have a purely private nature (party 4)
Yes, for doing something for my local area (party 1)
Yes, for doing something for my local area (party 2)
Yes, for doing something for my local area (party 3)
Yes, for doing something for my local area (party 4)
Yes, for understanding internal affairs of the other party (party 1)
Yes, for understanding internal affairs of the other party (party 2)
Yes, for understanding internal affairs of the other party (party 3)
Yes, for understanding internal affairs of the other party (party 4)
Yes, for sending informal messages to the other party (party 1)
Yes, for sending informal messages to the other party (party 2)
Yes, for sending informal messages to the other party (party 3)
Yes, for sending informal messages to the other party (party 4)
Yes, to ensure fair play between the parties (party 1)
Yes, to ensure fair play between the parties (party 2)
Yes, to ensure fair play between the parties (party 3)
Yes, to ensure fair play between the parties (party 4)
Yes, to seed ideas within the other party (party 1)
Yes, to seed ideas within the other party (party 2)
Yes, to seed ideas within the other party (party 3)
Yes, to seed ideas within the other party (party 4)
Yes, to get concessions in inter-party negotiations (party 1)
Yes, to get concessions in inter-party negotiations (party 2)
Yes, to get concessions in inter-party negotiations (party 3)
Yes, to get concessions in inter-party negotiations (party 4)
Yes, to start joint initiatives in parliament (party 1)
Yes, to start joint initiatives in parliament (party 2)
Yes, to start joint initiatives in parliament (party 3)
Yes, to start joint initiatives in parliament (party 4)
Yes, to create a coalition government with another party (party 1)
Yes, to create a coalition government with another party (party 2)
Yes, to create a coalition government with another party (party 3)
Yes, to create a coalition government with another party (party 4)
Yes, when in opposition, to get information about government policy (party 1)
Yes, when in opposition, to get information about government policy (party 2)
Yes, when in opposition, to get information about government policy (party 3)
Yes, when in opposition, to get information about government policy (party 4)
Yes, for promoting women's interests (party 1)
Yes, for promoting women's interests (party 2)
Yes, for promoting women's interests (party 3)
Yes, for promoting women's interests (party 4)
Good contacts with regional MPs in my own party
Good contacts with regional MPs of party 2
Good contacts with regional MPs of party 3
Good contacts with regional MPs of party 4
I don't have very good contacts with Members of the regional Parliament
No, contacts have a purely private nature (own party)
Yes, for doing something for my local area (own party)
Yes, to coordinate national and regional policy (own party)
Yes, to coordinate national and regional policy (party 2)
Yes, to coordinate national and regional policy (party 3)
Yes, to coordinate national and regional policy (party 4)
Yes, to pass on individual voters' requests for help that are related to the regional level (own party)
Yes, to pass on individual voters' requests for help that are related to the regional level (party 2)
Yes, to pass on individual voters' requests for help that are related to the regional level (party 3)
Yes, to pass on individual voters' requests for help that are related to the regional level (party 4)
Yes, to undertake joint initiatives and actions (own party)
Yes, to undertake joint initiatives and actions (party 2)
Yes, to undertake joint initiatives and actions (party 3)
Yes, to undertake joint initiatives and actions (party 4)
Yes, to improve relations between the regions (own party)
Yes, to improve relations between the regions (party 2)
Yes, to improve relations between the regions (party 3)
Yes, to improve relations between the regions (party 4)
Yes, for promoting women's interests (own party)
Good contacts with national MPs in my own party
Good contacts with national MPs of party 2
Good contacts with national MPs of party 3
I don't have very good contacts with Members of the national Parliament
Yes, to pass on individual voters' requests for help that are related to the national level (own party)
Yes, to pass on individual voters' requests for help that are related to the national level (party 2)
Yes, to pass on individual voters' requests for help that are related to the national level (party 3)
proportion of initiatives derived from the media
proportion of initiatives derived from interest and action groups
proportion of initiatives derived from within the party
proportion of initiatives derived from meeting with individual citizens
proportion of initiatives derived from personal experience
Thinking of these initiatives, how often have you or a spokesperson informed the media about them?
And how often have these initiatives that you raised actually been covered by the media?
effectiveness of boycotting certain products
effectiveness of voting in elections
effectiveness of participating in public demonstrations
effectiveness of participating in illegal protest activities
effectiveness of working in a political party
effectiveness of contacting politicians by mail
effectiveness of contacting politicians by e-mail
effectiveness of signing a petition
effectiveness of featuring in the media
effectiveness of working in voluntary organizations
effectiveness of joining an Internet political forum or discussion group
How often do you speak at the meetings of your parliamentary party?
And how often would you say you speak at the meetings of your parliamentary party to signal a situation in society that you consider disadvantageous for women?
And how often would you say you yourself bring a proposal to your parliamentary party to resolve such a situation in society that you consider disadvantageous for women?
party discipline
keeping internal party discussions confidential
taking political initiatives only with the parliamentary party's authorization
sticking to the parliamentary party line in votes
dilemma 1: bottom-up vs. top-down representation
dilemma 2: ex ante vs. ex post representation
dilemma 3: direct vs. representative democracy
dilemma 4: keep to the party line vs. prepared to accommodate other interests
How important would you say it is in a democracy that the majority of the population does not override the concerns of any significant minority
How important would you say it is in a democracy that the same political party does not remain in power for a long period of time
How important would you say it is in a democracy that the state manages to solve society's problems – even if its actions sometimes cause protests
How important would you say it is in a democracy that the representatives of the people have the final word in all decisions
How important would you say it is in a democracy that organized groups in society are consulted on policy when they are concerned
How important would you say it is in a democracy that the electoral system allows voters, and not the party leaders, to decide who will sit in Parliament
How important would you say it is in a democracy that the most important policy questions are put to the voters in a referendum
How important would you say it is in a democracy that people be given ample opportunities to participate in public decision-making
presence in Parliament: gender
presence in Parliament: age
presence in Parliament: region
presence in Parliament: social class
presence in Parliament: ethnic origin
presence in Parliament: religion
presence in Parliament: language (or culture)
presence in Parliament: other
Left-right scale: your own views?
Left-right scale: your party?
Left-right scale: your regional party?
Left-right scale: your national party?
Left-right scale: the electorate at large?
Left-right scale: the electorate at large in your region?
Extent of regionalization: your own views?
Extent of regionalization: your regional party?
Extent of regionalization: your national party?
Extent of European integration: your own views?
larger income differences are needed as incentives for individual effort
government should play a smaller role in the management of the economy
people who break the law should be given stiffer sentences
immigrants should be required to adapt to the customs of our country
government should make sure that films and magazines uphold moral standards
on the whole, women and men enjoy real equality today
government should ensure that women and men have equal opportunities
affirmative action is a legitimate measure to address the under-representation of women in politics
women's organizations are no longer necessary today
If you were to decide to stand at the next regional/national elections, how confident do you feel that you would be renominated by your party?
If you were to decide to stand at the next regional/national elections, how confident do you feel you would be re-elected?
Do you intend to stand in the next regional/national elections?
Mixed-member system: Do you intend to stand in the next regional/national elections?
A member of the national Parliament
A member of the regional Parliament
Senator
A member of the national government
A member of the regional government
A member of the European Parliament
Provincial governor
Mayor
Retired from public life
President
description of the electoral formula
electoral divisor or quota
if other: name of the electoral divisor or quota
if other: description of how it is calculated
seat linkage between tiers (mixed-member systems)
vote linkage between tiers (mixed-member systems)
level of the electoral threshold (in %)
other electoral threshold
electoral threshold applied at the district level
electoral threshold applied at the regional/national level
ballot paper mentions party names or labels
ballot paper mentions candidates
gender of the candidates can be known from the ballot paper
order in which candidates appear on the ballot
voters can vote for a party list (without indicating a candidate preference)
voters can vote for (a) candidate(s)
the way in which voters indicate a preference vote for a candidate
the maximum number of preference votes a voter may indicate
cumulative voting
panachage
ordinal voting
negative voting
mechanism of vote pooling for the allocation of seats
list type
the quotum a candidate's preference votes must equal to obtain a seat
the formula of the second quotum (if there is an alternative condition)
is there a transfer of party list votes in the order of appearance on the list?
has there been an electoral reform in the past 10 years?
the year the new electoral rules were used
description of the reform
numerical restrictions to the introduction of private member's bills?
time restrictions regarding private member's bills?
restrictions as to content regarding private member's bills?
comments
authorisation of the PPG (leader) required for tabling a PMB?
authorisation of the PPG (leader) required for tabling an oral question?
authorisation of the PPG (leader) required for tabling a written question?
the number of institutional veto players
veto player: president
veto player: Senate
veto player: other
description in case of 'other' veto player
does the legislature has a fixed term?
who has the authority to determine the plenary agenda?
who has the authority to determine the committee agenda?
restrictive rules: closure motion
restrictive rules: right of last amendment
restrictive rules: block vote or closed rule
restrictive rules: vote of confidence
restrictive rules: other
description in case of 'other' restrictive rules
number of permanent, legislative committees
the way in which committee chairs are allocated to parties
are committee meetings public when considering legislation?
the authority of committees to rewrite government bills
is the committee stage of a bill restricted by a preceding plenary decision?
what is the maximum lifespan of a bill pending approval after which it lapses if not adopted?
the degree of influence committee members exert on party positions
extent to which a regional government is autonomous rather than deconcentrated
range of policies for which a regional government is responsible
extent to which a regional government can independently tax its population
extent to which a region is endowed with an independent legislature and executive
sum of institutional depth, policy scope, fiscal autonomy, and representation
extent to which regional representatives co-determine national legislation
extent to which regional government co-determines national policy in inter-governmental meetings
extent to which regional representatives co-determine the distribution of national tax revenues
extent to which regional representatives co-determine constitutional change
sum of law making, executive control, fiscal control, and constitutional reform
sum of DEV_self and DEV_share
ideology of the party
comments on the ideology of the party
inclusiveness of the nomination procedure
decentralization of the nomination procedure
total number of party members
total number of votes the party received in the most recent elections
index of volatility of party voters
power of the Parliamentary Party Group
frequency with which the Parliamentary Party Group meets
is the party expected to win or lose seats in the next election?
number of inhabitants in the district (in 1,000 inhabitants)
surface area of the district (in km²)
party weight